Chimp’s maternal instincts awakened as she feeds milk to a baby tiger
餵奶給老虎寶寶 喚醒了黑猩猩的母性本能
Some adorable images reveal the close bond that has formed between a two-year-old chimpanzee called Do Do and a two-month-old tiger cub called Aorn.
一些可愛的影像顯露出兩歲黑猩猩多多與兩個月大幼虎阿旺之間所建立的親密連結。
Completely at ease in each other’s company, the ape’s motherly instincts take over as she attentively bottle-feeds the baby tiger. Aorn gratefully laps up the milk as Do Do tenderly holds the tiger in her arms.
牠們對彼此的相伴全然自在，當這隻黑猩猩聚精會神以奶瓶餵食老虎寶寶時，她的母性本能取得主導。阿旺感恩地舔光牛奶，而多多溫柔地將牠抱在臂彎裡。
At one point, Do Do puts the bottle in her own mouth - almost mimicking the actions of a human mother checking to see if the milk is suitable for her offspring to consume.
有一度，多多將奶瓶放進嘴裡——酷似人類母親檢查看看牛奶是否適合給其子女喝的動作。
For some unexplained reason Do Do is wearing a pair of denim shorts - perhaps to protect her thighs from Aorn’s claws.
因為某個未解釋的原因，多多穿著牛仔短褲——這或許是為了保護她的大腿免遭阿旺的爪子抓傷。
They were photographed at Samut Prakan Crocodile Farm and Zoo on the outskirts of Bangkok, Thailand. The crocodile farm houses some 80,000 crocodiles. However, the farm doesn’t just contain crocodiles.
牠們的互動是在泰國曼谷市郊的北欖鱷魚園和動物園內被拍下的。這個園區內飼養有8萬隻鱷魚。不過，園區內不是只有鱷魚而已。
新聞辭典
at ease︰片語，放心、自在。例句︰He was never at his ease with his father.（他與他的父親在一起時從未感到自在。）
take over︰片語，在此指取得主導地位。例句，Don’t let your prejudice take over.（不要被偏見所左右。）
bottle-feed︰動詞，用奶瓶餵（嬰兒或幼小動物）。例句︰Many women choose not to bottle-feed their babies. They insist to breastfeed their own children.（許多婦女選擇不要用奶瓶餵養寶寶，她們堅持為孩子哺乳。）
◎魏國金 自由電子報
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Dark winters led to bigger human brains and eyeballs
黑暗的冬天讓人大腦與眼珠較大
The Oxford University team said bigger brains did not make people smarter. Humans living at high latitude have bigger eyes and bigger brains to cope with poor light during long winters and cloudy days.
牛津大學團隊說，較大的大腦不會讓人更聰明。生活在高緯度的人，眼睛與大腦較大，才能在漫長的冬季與烏雲天裡處理光線不佳的問題。
The scientists measured the eye sockets and brain volumes of 55 skulls from 12 populations across the world. Lead author Eiluned Pearce told BBC News: "We found a positive relationship between absolute latitude and both eye socket size and cranial capacity."
這群科學家評估世界上12種人55顆頭顱的眼窩與大腦容量。領導研究者皮爾斯告訴英國廣播公司新聞網：「我們發現絕對緯度與眼窩大小以及頭顱容量都有正面關係。」
The team, from the Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, used skulls dating from the 1800s kept at museums in Oxford and Cambridge. The skulls were from indigenous populations ranging from Scandinavia to Australia, Micronesia and North America. The largest brain cavities came from Scandinavia, while the smallest were from Micronesia.
這個來自認知與進化人類學研究院的團隊，使用牛津與劍橋博物館內保存的、溯及西元1800年代的頭顱。這些頭顱來自斯堪地那維亞、澳洲、密克羅尼西亞與北美的原住民族，最大的腦腔來自斯堪地那維亞，最小的來自密克羅尼西亞。
Eiluned Pearce said: "Both the amount of light hitting the Earth’s surface and winter day-lengths get shorter as you go further north or south from the equator. We found that as light levels decrease, humans are getting bigger eye sockets, which suggests that their eyeballs are getting bigger. They are also getting bigger brains, because we found this increase in cranial capacity as well. In the paper, we argue that having bigger brains doesn’t mean that high-latitude humans are necessarily smarter. It’s just they need bigger eyes and brains to be able to see well where they live."
皮爾斯說：「光線照射地表的量，以及冬天白天長度，都是赤道以北越北越短，或赤道以南越南越短。我們發現人類眼窩隨著光線照射程度減少而增大，代表他們的眼球也會隨之增大；他們也有較大的大腦，因為我們發現這也會增加頭顱容量。在報告中我們主張，大腦較大不代表高緯度的人一定較聰明，只是他們需要更大的眼睛與大腦，讓他們在所住的地方看得更清楚而已。」
新聞辭典
cope with：片語，處理。例句：There was more work than I could cope with.（工作多得我應付不過來。）
date：動詞，年代溯及。例句：Archaeologists have been unable to date these fossils.（考古學家無法為這些化石定年。）
capacity：名詞，容量。例句：This hotel has large capacity.（這家旅館可接待大量住客。）
◎國際新聞中心
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Childhood pets linked to lower allergy risk
兒童時期養寵物與降低過敏風險有關
Good news for families that would love to have a furry dog or cat but hesitate for fear the kids might become allergic: Fido or Kitty might actually be good for children’s health, scientists say.
對想擁有毛茸茸的狗狗或貓咪，卻因擔心小孩或許過敏而有所遲疑的家庭來說這是個好消息︰狗或貓或許實際上有益於兒童健康，科學家說。
They found that children who were exposed to animals at a young age had lower rates of nasal allergies as adolescents.
科學家發現，幼年與動物接觸的兒童，青少年時鼻子過敏的比率較低。
"Family pets, in particular dogs...need not be removed to prevent allergies, and in fact may protect against them," Melanie Matheson of the University of Melbourne, lead author of the study said.
「家庭寵物，特別是狗不需為了預防過敏而被除去，事實上或許還能防範過敏。」該研究主筆、墨爾本大學的馬瑟森說。
Looking at survey responses from nearly 8,500 adults from Europe and Australia, Matheson and colleagues focused on those who grew up around house pets or farm animals, and those who had the troublesome runny noses, itchy eyes, and sore throats that plague nasal allergy sufferers.
觀察歐洲與澳洲近8500名成人的調查回應，馬瑟森與其同僚聚焦於那些成長時身邊有寵物或家畜者，以及那些有令人苦惱的流鼻水、眼睛癢、喉嚨痛等現象的人，這些症狀折磨著鼻子過敏者。
In the new study, published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, more than one in four respondents said they had nasal allergies. In most cases, people said their allergies started when they were adolescents.
在這份發表於過敏與與臨床免疫學期刊的新研究，4名回應者中，超過1人有鼻子過敏，而在大部分的案例，人們說他們的過敏是從青少年開始。
A number of factors were linked to a higher risk of nasal allergies in the study. Some, like a family history of allergies and the mother smoking while pregnant, are well documented risk factors.
在該研究中，一些因素與較高的鼻過敏罹患風險有關，比如家庭過敏史與母親懷孕時抽菸都是證據充分的風險因子。
新聞辭典
Fido︰名詞，意指狗狗。出處來自美國總統林肯的寵物狗「Fido」，fido的拉丁字是「fidelis」，意思是忠實的、忠誠的。
exposed︰形容詞，暴露的、無遮蔽的、易受攻擊的。例句︰Children are exposed to many diseases.（小孩容易感染多種疾病。）
well documented︰有據可查的、證據充分的。例句︰The link between poverty and sickness is well documented.（貧窮與疾病的關聯是有據可查的。）
◎魏國金 自由電子報
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Lions ’more likely to eat people after a full moon’
獅子「在滿月後更有可能吃人」
Other predators, such as wolves, may also be at their most dangerous when the moon starts to wane.
其他肉食動物，例如狼，在月亮開始虧缺時也可能最危險。
The discovery, from an African study of 500 lion attacks, could explain the full moon’s place in folklore as a harbinger of evil or disaster, and its association with werewolves and vampires.
這項發現，來自非洲一份對500次獅子攻擊行動的研究，或許可以解釋滿月在民間傳說中作為禍害或災難前兆的地位，及其與狼人和吸血鬼的關連性。
Scientists studied records of nearly 500 lion attacks on Tanzanian villagers between 1988 and 2009. In more than two thirds of cases, the victims were killed and eaten. The vast majority of attacks occurred between dusk and 10pm on nights when the moon was waning and providing relatively little light.
科學家研究1988至2009年間，獅子對坦尚尼亞村莊居民發動500次攻擊行動的紀錄。在超過3分之2的案例中，受害者被咬死並被吃掉。絕大多數的攻擊行動發生在傍晚到晚上10點之間，當時月亮逐漸虧缺，月光相對微弱。
Lions hunt most successfully when darkness allows them to surprise their prey, but on bright moonlit nights they might have to go hungry. The period immediately following a full moon provides a lion with a welcome opportunity to catch up on missed meals.
當黑暗讓牠們得以出其不意地攻擊獵物時，獅子的獵捕行動最為成功，但在月光明亮的夜晚，牠們可能就得挨餓。緊接著滿月之後的這段時間，為獅子提供了彌補錯過大餐的大好機會。
Lion attacks also increased during the rainy season, when the moon was more likely to be obscured by clouds.
獅子的攻擊行動在雨季也會增加，屆時月亮更可能被雲層遮蔽而黯淡。
"Although we are safest from lion attacks during well-lit nights, the full moon accurately indicates that the risks of lion predation will increase dramatically in the coming days. Thus the full moon is not dangerous in itself but is instead a portent of the darkness to come." said the scientists.
「雖然我們在月光明亮的夜晚被獅子攻擊的可能性最低，滿月卻精確地指出，獅子發動獵食行動的危險將在未來幾天內急遽增加。因此滿月本身並不危險，危險的是黑暗即將到來的凶兆。」科學家說。
新聞辭典
wane：動詞或名詞，月虧（缺）、衰退，片語wax and wane指月亮盈虧、圓缺。例句：The moon may be dim or bright, wax and wane.（月有陰晴圓缺。）
folklore：名詞，民間傳說、民俗。例句：Academia Sinica honored him for his lifetime of research on Taiwanese folklore.（中研院表揚他窮盡一生對台灣民俗的研究。）
portent：名詞，預兆，尤指惡兆；異象，動詞為portend。例句：The prophet has revealed important portents for the near future.（這位先知揭露了關於不久將來的重要徵兆。）
◎陳泓達 自由電子報
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Could this moody moggy be Britain’s grumpiest cat?
這隻愛生氣的貓會是英國脾氣最壞的貓嗎？
Scowling at the camera with more than hint of discontentment, the irritable puss Pip is constantly in a grump.
對著鏡頭皺著眉頭，滿臉不高興，愛生氣的貓「皮普」常動不動就發脾氣。
According to his owner, Rose Oughton, Mr Pip does not like noise, bad weather and especially hates football.
根據他的飼主蘿絲．奧頓的說法，皮普先生不喜歡噪音、壞天氣，尤其討厭足球。
The Persian Burmese breed’s favourite past-time is ’staring at dogs’ and sitting quietly in his favourite bush in the back garden.
這隻波斯緬甸混種貓最愛的消遣，是「瞪狗」和靜靜地坐在後花園他最愛的樹叢裡。
But even when he’s at his happiest, you wouldn’t think it to look at the sour-faced feline.
但是，就算當他心情最好的時候，你從他一張臭臉也看不出來。
Mrs Oughton, 65, has owned the eight-year-old for a year and a half. She said: ’What he does seem to like is just staring at dogs with that look he’s got.’
65歲的奧頓太太養這隻8歲的貓一年半了。她說：「他喜歡的似乎就是用他那副表情瞪著狗瞧。」
The widow, and mother of two, says she was concerned there might be something wrong with Mr Pip, due to his grumpy looks, and even took him to the vets.
這名有兩個孩子的寡婦說，她曾因為皮普的臭臉，擔心他是不是哪裡不對勁，甚至帶去給獸醫看。
But the vets said his face is perfectly normal and there’s nothing to worry about. ’The reason he looks so glum is because of the Burmese in him,’ Mrs Oughton said.
但是獸醫說，他的臉非常正常，沒什麼好擔心的。「他看起來這麼一臉不高興，是因為他的緬甸血統」，奧頓太太說。
新聞辭典：
moody：形容詞，易怒的。
grumpy：形容詞，壞脾氣的、暴躁的。
scowl：動詞或名詞，皺眉頭（表示失望或不高興）、滿臉不高興。
例句：The old man is known for his grumpiness. He always scowls at whomever visits him.（這個老頭是出了名的性情暴躁。不管是誰上門拜訪，他總是一臉不高興。）
sour-faced：形容詞，臭臉的、苦瓜臉的； 名詞：sour face。例句：He is sour-faced because he has to work overtime during this weekend. （他擺出一張臭臉，是因為他這個週末得加班。）
◎管淑平 自由電子報
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PM’s son named ’New Zealand’s top planker’
總理之子被稱為「紐西蘭頂尖仆街客」
New Zealand Prime Minister John Key’s son was named the country’s "top planker" Tuesday after a photo appeared online apparently showing him performing the Internet craze as his father looked on.
在一張網路照片明白顯示，紐西蘭總理約翰．凱伊的兒子是在老爸在旁觀看之下表演席捲網路的「仆街」後，週二他被稱為該國的「頂尖仆街客」。
The New Zealand Herald said the grainy picture of Max Key planking on the back of a couch in the prime ministerial residence appeared on the "Planking New Zealand" Facebook page this week, causing a stir among Internet users.
紐西蘭前鋒報說，當這張粒子粗大、顯示麥克斯．凱伊在總理官邸的一張沙發椅背上「仆街」的照片，本週出現在「紐西蘭仆街」臉書上後，便在網友間引發一陣騷動。
In a front-page headline, it declared the 16-year-old "NZ’s top planker" but noted the prime minister himself had not personally performed the stunt.
該報頭版的標題宣稱，16歲的麥克斯是「紐西蘭的頂尖仆街客」，但註明總理本人並沒有親自表演此一特技動作。
Planking involves someone lying flat on their stomach with their arms against their bodies in unusual and sometimes dangerous situations, with photos of their exploits posted on social media sites.
「仆街」係指某個人趴著、雙臂貼靠著身體、（讓自己）處於一種不尋常、有時甚至危險的情況下，然後將其「仆街」壯舉照貼到社交網站上。
The fad has been linked with at least one fatality in Australia, when a man was killed in Brisbane in May after plummeting to his death while attempting to "plank" on a seven-storey balcony.
此一熱潮已在澳洲至少導致1死，5月份一名男子企圖在布里斯本的一處7樓陽台上「仆街」，結果墜地摔死。
新聞辭典
craze：名詞，狂熱，風尚。例句：He is against the craze of planking.（他反對「仆街」熱潮。）
look on：慣用語，在旁邊看；onlooker，名詞，旁觀者。
cause（quite）a stir：慣用語，引發騷動。quite為加強語氣。例句：She caused quite a stir in her little black dress last night.（她昨晚的黑色小洋裝引發好一陣騷動。）
◎張沛元 自由電子報
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Vuvuzelas "may spread diseases"
烏烏茲拉可能散佈疾病
Vuvuzelas - the horns used by football fans celebrating last year’s World Cup - not only cause noise pollution but may also spread diseases, say experts.
專家說，去年足球迷用來慶祝世界盃的喇叭——烏烏茲拉，不只會製造噪音污染，還可能散佈疾病。
A short burst on the instrument creates a spittle shower similar to a sneeze, travelling at a four million droplets a second, a PLoS One journal study shows.
公共科學圖書館綜合期刊（PLoS ONE）刊登的研究顯示，對著這種樂器短促的吹氣，一次會製造打噴嚏般、以每秒400萬滴的速度噴出的唾沫雨。
In crowded venues one person blowing a vuvuzela could infect many others with airborne illness like the flu or TB. Organisers are considering whether to allow them at the 2012 London Olympics.
在擁擠的地方吹烏烏茲拉，可能讓其他人感染感冒或肺結核等飛沫傳染病，2012年倫敦奧運主辦單位正在考慮，是否要允許民眾在奧運期間使用烏烏茲拉。
Critics say they are anti-social and unsafe because of their potential to generate a din louder than a plane taking off.
批評者說，烏烏茲拉反社會且不安全，因為它們可能製造比飛機起飛還大的噪音。
Dr Ruth McNerney, who carried out the latest work at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, said a "vuvuzela blowing etiquette" may be needed rather than a ban. "Just as with coughs or sneezes, action should be taken to prevent disease transmission, and people with infections must be advised against blowing their vuvuzelas close to other people," she said.
在倫敦衛生與熱帶醫藥學院領導這份最新研究的麥克內尼博士表示，需要的可能是一個「烏烏茲拉吹奏禮儀」而不是禁令，「就像咳嗽或打噴嚏，要有所行動來避免疾病傳播，有傳染病的人也必須要被勸告，不要在接近其他人的地方吹烏烏茲拉」。
新聞辭典
airborne：形容詞，空中傳播的。例句：The airborne radioactive particles have covered a huge area of Russia.（飄散空中的輻射微粒覆蓋俄羅斯大片區域。）
din：名詞，喧鬧聲。例句：The children were making a terrible din.（孩子們製造可怕的喧鬧聲。）
etiquette：名詞，禮儀。Social etiquette dictates that men cannot sit while women are standing.（社交禮儀說，女性站著的時候，男性不能坐著。）
◎國際新聞中心 自由電子報
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Britons rush to buy final edition of News of the World
英國人搶購最後一期的世界新聞報
Britons rushed to buy the final copy of the News of the World newspaper Sunday, putting aside for a moment their disgust at the phone-hacking scandal to snap up a little piece of journalistic history.
英國人週日暫時拋開他們對手機竊聽醜聞的厭惡，搶著購買最後一期世界新聞報，以攫取這一小片段的新聞史。
The paper has in recent months been selling just over 2.6 million copies a week but the final copy, whose front page carried the headline "Thank You and Goodbye", sparked a surge in sales.
最近幾個月該報每週銷量僅260多萬份，但頭版標題「謝謝，並且再見」的最後一期卻引爆銷量激增。
New claims about phone hacking this week sparked national outrage -- but the decision Thursday to axe the publication was a shock and many were keen to buy the final edition as a souvenir.
本週有關手機竊聽的新指控引起舉國憤怒，然而週四中止該報發行的決定卻令人震驚，而許多人熱衷購買最後一期，以當做紀念品。
"I think it’s a bit of a shame since it has been around many, many years and it’s part of British culture but they were wrong for what they were doing," Shareen Geral, a 26-year-old make-up artist said.
「我認為有點遺憾，因為它已存在許許多多年了，它是英國文化的一部分，但它的所作所為是錯的。」26歲的彩妝師夏林‧葛拉爾說。
Some shared their mixed feelings about the demise of the 168-year-old paper, but others were simply irritated that Sunday would be a little less entertaining from now on. "I am a bit annoyed because obviously it was an enjoyable paper with the sports supplement on the Sunday," said 31-year-old sales manager Martin.
對這份有168年歷史的報紙停刊，有些人有著同樣複雜的感受，但其他人純粹為了從現在起週日將少了點娛樂而感到惱火。「我有點氣惱，因為顯然它是一份有趣的報紙，它有週日運動增刊」31歲的銷售經理馬丁說。
新聞辭典
rush：動詞，急速行進、趕緊，也有突然出現之意。例句︰An idea rushed into my mind. （我突然想到一個主意。）
snap up：片語，搶購、迅速抓住、馬上接受。例如，snap up a chance（一把抓住機會。）
axe：動詞，大刀闊斧的削減、撤銷。例句︰Food and housing subsidies were axed in 1976.（糧食與住房津貼在1976年遭到大幅削減。）
◎魏國金 自由電子報
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Abused Malta Dog "Star" Passes Away
受虐的馬爾他狗狗「星星」去世
Star, the dog found horribly abused and buried alive in Malta last week, has died.
星星，上週在馬爾他發現的嚴重受虐且遭活埋的狗狗，已經死亡。
Maltese police found the poor dog buried in a shallow grave. She had been shot 40 times in the head with a pellet gun and her snout was tied to prevent her from barking in pain. Her paws were bound, too. Police discovered her when they heard a whimpering sound coming from under some planks of wood.
馬爾他警方發現這隻可憐的狗被埋在一個淺坑中。她的頭被空氣槍轟了40槍，她的嘴巴被綁起來，以免她痛苦哀嚎。她的腳也被綁住。警方是在聽到幾塊木板下傳來嗚咽聲，才發現她。
The fact that Star survived to be rescued was a miracle. The stray dog had been horribly abused by someone who still has yet to be apprehended.
星星倖存獲救的事蹟是一個奇蹟。這隻流浪狗被人嚴重虐待，兇手現仍逍遙法外。
Her caretakers were so sure that she would make a strong recovery that they began to let Star integrate with her new owners. There was no end to the amount of love given by Star’s new adopted family. For a while it seemed as though this story would have a happy ending.
她的看護人確信她會穩定康復，他們開始讓星星融入她的新認養家庭。星星的新認養家庭對她呵護得無微不至。這個故事一時之間看來會有一個快樂結局。
But shortly after going home with her new owners Star began to vomit and had to be operated on again. She died yesterday of acute inflammation of the pancreas.
可是，就在她跟新主人回家後不久，星星開始嘔吐，必須再次動手術。她昨天因急性胰臟炎而去世。
Star brought together Malta’s animal rights activists, who are vowing to continue to seek out her abusers and ensure that some small amount of justice is done in her name, and that no other animal has to suffer as terribly as she did.
星星串聯了馬爾他的動物權益活動人士，他們誓言要持續搜索虐待她的人，確保為她討回一小部分的公道，不讓其他動物遭遇她所承受的磨難。
新聞辭典
Pass away：片語，終止、去世的委婉說法。例句：His old grandfather passed away at eight o’clock this morning.（他的老祖父在今天早上8點過世。）
Apprehend：動詞，逮捕、了解。例句：The suspect was apprehended at the scene of the crime.（嫌犯在犯罪現場被捕。）
inflammation：名詞，燃燒、發炎。例句：Aspirin can relieve pain and inflammation.（阿斯匹靈可減輕疼痛與發炎。）
◎陳泓達 自由電子報
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Ill penguin stranded in NZ is offered a lift home
受困紐西蘭的生病企鵝獲得搭便車回家的提議
A young emperor penguin stranded in New Zealand has survived two medical procedures and now has an offer of a lift home.
一隻受困紐西蘭的年輕帝王企鵝挺過了兩次生理檢查，現在還獲得一個搭便車回家的提議。
Yet the aquatic bird that many are calling Happy Feet - after the lighthearted 2006 movie - is not out of danger yet. The penguin remained on an intravenous drip Saturday and faces another procedure Monday to remove more sand from its digestive system.
但這隻被許多人根據2006年的輕鬆喜劇命名為「快樂腳」的水鳥，還沒有脫離險境。這隻企鵝週六還吊著點滴，週一則還要做另外一項檢查，以便從牠的消化系統除掉更多沙。
If it does pull through, a businessman wants to take it by boat to Antarctica next February.
倘若牠過得了這一關，一名商人願意讓牠在明年二月搭船回到南極。
Happy Feet arrived on Peka Peka Beach, about 40 miles （65 kilometers） northwest of Wellington, June 20, 2011, the first time in 44 years that an emperor penguin has been spotted in the wild in New Zealand. Typically, emperors spend their entire lives in and around Antarctica.
「快樂腳」在2011年6月20日抵達威靈頓西北方約40英里（65公里）的皮卡皮卡海灘，為紐西蘭44年來首度在野外目擊到帝王企鵝。帝王企鵝通常終其一生都待在南極與南極附近。
At first Happy Feet seemed fine, but as the week progressed, the bird became more lethargic. It ate a lot of sand, apparently mistaking it for snow, which emperor penguins eat in Antarctica to hydrate themselves during the frozen winters.
「快樂腳」起初看起來很好，但隨著一週過去，這隻鳥也愈來愈無精打采。牠吃了很多沙，顯然誤將之當成雪。帝王企鵝在南極冰封冬季會靠吃雪來攝取水分。
新聞辭典
lift：名詞，搭便車。例句：Could I give you a lift?（要不要我送你回家？）
call after：片語動詞，以某人之名命名。例句：She was called Mary after her late grandmother.（她是以她的已故祖母瑪莉命名。）
pull （someone or an animal） through （something） ：引申形容讓某人或某動物挺過艱困時間或情境。例句： The vet worked hard to pull the cat through the illness.（獸醫努力讓這隻貓熬過這場病。）
◎張沛元 自由電子報
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Why fathers have post-natal depression
父親為何有產後憂鬱
One out of every seven new mothers has post-natal depression - but, according to the Fatherhood Institute, one out of every 10 fathers are depressed both before and after their baby is born. The peak time for fathers’depression is thought to be between three and six months after the birth.
根據父親研究所指出，每7個母親就有1個有產後憂鬱，但是每10名父親，就有1個在孩子出生前後感到憂鬱。父親憂鬱的高峰期，被認為是在孩子出生後3到6個月間。
Like women, they can struggle with the huge life changes a baby brings, says Fatherhood Institute research head Adrienne Burgess. "Hormones, lack of sleep, increased responsibility and general life stresses can apply to men just as much to women. And if their partner is depressed, then men are more likely to be too." she said.
父親研究所的研究主任柏加斯女士表示，就像女性一樣，男性也會對孩子帶來的巨大生命改變感到掙扎，「荷爾蒙、缺乏睡眠、責任增加以及整體的生活壓力，男性與女性感受的一樣多，如果他們的另一半憂鬱，男性就更可能也憂鬱」。
Men and women who have pre-existing mental health problems are more at risk of developing depression after the birth of a child. But a father’s depression can begin during pregnancy, when relationships are already changing. Fathers can feel left out while their partner is the focus of increased attention.
之前就有心理健康問題的男性與女性，更有可能在孩子出生後感到憂鬱，但父親的憂鬱可能在另一半懷孕、當關係已在改變時就出現。父親在另一半成為關注焦點時，可能感覺被撇在一旁。
Association for Post-natal Illness counsellor Liz Wise says："Women can feel they do things best, like changing a nappy or feeding. They can be quick to criticise their partners and take over. They don’t think about how it could undermine a man’s confidence."
產後疾病協會諮詢人員懷思說：「女性可能覺得她們做類似換尿布或餵奶這種事最好，她們可能很快就批評另一半然後接手，而沒有想到這樣可能會傷害男性自信。」
新聞辭典
postnatal（ post-natal ）：形容詞，產後的。「產前的」為prenatal/antenatal。例句：Some foetal abnormalities can now be detected antenatally.（一些胎兒異常現在都可在產前檢驗出來。）
leave out：片語，遺漏、忽略。例句：None of the other children play with her, and I think she feels rather left out.（其他小孩都不跟他玩，我想她覺得非常被排擠。）
take over：片語，接管。例句：She took over as manager two weeks ago.（她兩週前接任經理。）
◎國際新聞中心 BBCnews
